Demographic Details Demographic Features As per 2001 census total population of the district is 2535516, out of which 89.93 % are residing in rural areas and 10.07% are in urban areas. About 51.18 % of the populations are males and 48.82% are female. The percentage of Scheduled Caste and Scheduled Tribes are 18.29% and 18.27%. Total no of BPL families in rural areas of this district are 197381 (43.65 %). Out of which SC families are 40645 (20.59 %) and ST families are 47666 (24.15 %). Total no. of BPL families in Purulia and Jhalda Municipality are 2573 (11.31 %) and 571(15.98 %) respectively.
Occupation Distribution Main working class has been decreased from 35.35 % in 1991 to 25.43 % in 2001 census whereas Marginal working class has been increased from 7.8 % in 1991 to 19.03 % in 2001 census. Cultivators have been shifted to other working classes.
Note: In 1991 census cultivators, agri. labours etc were included in main worker group and marginal workers were enumerated separately. But in 2001 census cultivators, agri. labours etc were enumerated either in main worker or in marginal worker group. So no. of marginal workers, agri. labours, hh industry worker etc were comparatively higher than 1991. The production of fish in this district is not much encouraging though a large no. of tanks both under Govt. & Private sector are there. If these tanks are utilised properly for Pisciculture and Duck rearing the production of fish as well as eggs will be increased to a considerable extent thereby increasing the scope of income & employment to the rural people. Total inland area of the district is 71,255 hec.. So, there is an ample possibility to bring more area under efficient pisciculture. The details of cultural area covering Govt. and private Tanks are given below: Private culturable water area - 37753.26 Ha.
Vested tank water area - 9223.24 Ha
Dam and reservoir - 3039.10 Ha
Departmental Tank - 62.40 Ha
Total 1419.10 Ha. water area covered during last three years for pisciculture through distribution of minikit, production of fry/fingerlings, demonstration centre on table fish production, supply of fishing nets and requisits, infrastructural facilities as fishermen village road, community hall, housing etc. and development of different fishermen co-operative sector through pisciculture, training etc. Total 6,807 fishermen were benefited. Total forest coverage in this district including social forestry and degraded forest as per Satellite Imagery data is 185726 ha which is 29.69 % of the total land of the district. As per report of the forest dept. total area under forest Dept. is 115226 ha. The management and maintenance of Forest is being done by Joint Forest Protection Committees under active control of different divisions of Forest Department. At present 702 nos. of Forest Protection Committees (Purulia Divn.-171, KSC-I Divn.-235) are working in this district. These committees have not only helped to protect the plantation areas but have also guarded against illegal felling of trees. The natural forests of the district are mostly of mixed nature and restricted to northwest part of the district covering Ajodhya Hills and Panchet hills of northeast. As per Remote sensing data the forest cover of this district is increasing compare to its past status. The extensive farm and social forestry plantation programs might have contributed in a big way to the increase in the forest cover. Forest types Purulia district as per Satellite Imagery data (IRS-IB LISS II Dec. 1994) are shown below.
Geographic Details Location In general three types of soils have been recognized in this district viz. (1) residual types derived from weathering of granites, gneisses and schist (2) Lateritic soil in the upland areas (3) Clay loam to clay in the valleys. Almost in the entire district soil is acidic with pH varying between 5.5 and 7.2 . On an average the soil contain 0.04 % nitrogen. 0.005 %P2O5 and 0.01 % K2O.The maximum nitrogen being 0.87 % and minimum 0.036 %. The fertility is low, as the soils contain very little organic matter. Soil erosion is the most prominent phenomenon of the district resulting huge deposition of fertile soil in the valley region. Vast areas of land remained uncultivable wasteland. In this district total 165200 hec. of land is affected by soil erosion. Out of this affected land, 135000 hec is in non-forest areas and 30200 hec. in forest areas. Wasteland data as per latest Landsat Thematic Mapper/IRS LISS II/III are shown below.
Agriculture Fairs and Festivals Festivals and Fairs [ Bengali terms written in English alphabets ]
These apart, Id - Ul - Fitr, Biswa Karma Puja, Durga Puja, Laxmi Puja, Kali Puja, Christmas and Saraswati Puja are held throughout the district with pomp and gaiety.
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